Marcel waver



ug. 18, 1931. .1. .1. RYAN 1,819,389

MARCEL WAVER Filed Julg 2, 19,50 2 Sheets-Sheet l J. J. RYAN MARCELWAVER Aug. 18, 1931".

2 Shee'ues-Sheet 2 Filed July 2, 1950 Patented Aug. 18, 1931 PATENT;OFFICE JoIIN .'r. RYAN, ,orcIIIcAGd ILLINOIS MARCEL WAVER Applicationled July 2,

My invention relates to a bonnet-like structure adapted to be placed ona head ofhair to facilitate formation of Marcel Waves in the hair, andone of the objects of the present invention is the provision of acollapsible structure for this purpose.

A further object of the invention is the provision of improved means forsecuring together the members of a bonnet-like struc- 1o ture adaptedfor use in effecting Marcel Waves in the hair.

Another object of the invention is the provision of Waterproof coveringsfor the metal members of the bonnet-like structure to lessen A the costof construction and prevent corrosion of such metal members.

A still further object is to provide a collapsible hair waving structurewhich has a flexible or fabric front member to Which water-proof,relatively stif,-wire membersv are'attached; which has a flexible orfabric neck member xed to the front member; Which has a flexible rearmember connecting the various stiff members; and which has flexible tiesconnected to the front member f for fastening the structure in place onthe head of a person. A

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novelfeatures and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanyingl drawings- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a MarcelWaver embodying m invention;

Fig. 2 shows the arcel Waver collapsed;

Fi s`. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are detail views showing t e mechanism forconnecting together the members of the Marcel Waver Fig. 7 is aperspective view of a modified Marcel Waver particularl adaptedformarcelling a pompadour hea of hair;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 7; and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a Marcel Waver, partly brokenaway, to showanother'modification. A To accomplish the main object of the invention,I provide a bonnet-like structure which may be collapsed as shown inFig. 2 so as to occupy a very small space during transportation or Whileheld in stock. As shown 1930. Serial No. 465,253.

in Fig. 1, the Marcel Waver is a bonnet-like structure adapted to litover a head of hair. This bonnet-like structure comprisesa front facemember 10 which when on a persons head is continuously curvilinear fromend to 6g end and inverted U-shaped in contour so as to fit over theforehead and down the sides of the face. This front face member isflexible and collapsible and is preferably made of fabric such as tapeand may be ornamented as desired and made in various colors.

The lower ends of the front face member V 10 are connected to ahorizontal U-shaped neck member 11 which is also of flexible collapsiblematerial such as tape fabric so as to be comfortable When' in use and soas to facilitate collapsing ofthe Marcel Waver as shown in Fig. 2. Thehorizontal U-shaped neck member 11 encircles the rear of the nape of theneck when the bonnet-like structure is in place on a head of hair. Theends of the front face member may be secured to the ends of thehorizontal U-shaped member by sewing or by means of rivets 12, 12.

Above the U-shaped neck member andconnected at spaced-apart points tothe front face member, are horizontal U-shaped intermediate Marcel wavedefining members 13, 13 Which are preferably com-posed of flexible. wireso as to exert pressure on a head of hair lwhen in place as abonnet-like structure thereon as shown in Fig. 1. The members 13 may beof soft iron or soft steel, copper or brass or alloy, lto reduce thecost thereof, and in order to prevent corrosion these metal Wires may betreated, covered with fabric or a coating of rubber or otherWater-proofing material or corrosion resisting material, as shown at 14in Fig. 5, or the Wires may be left bare if they have been treated toprevent corrosion.

The forward ends of the intermediate U- shaped members 13 arepermanently connected to the front face member at spacedapart pointsalong the same as shown in Fig. 1. For this purpose the ends of theWires 13 may -be provided With eyes 15 which are inserted'between thelayers 16 and 17 so as to be imbedded in the face member 10 in positionfor riveting thereto. The rivets are f member is also of fabirc.

U-shaped Marcel wave dening members preferably provided with button-likeheads 18 and prongs 19 and 20 which are pointed at 21 and 22 as shown inFig. 6 to facilitate penetration of the layers 16and 17 of the fabric onopposite sides of the wires 13 and back of the eyes 15. It willvthus beseen that when the wires 13 are riveted to the face member 10 the upperand lower layers 16 and 17 will be clamped to the opposite sides of thewires and as a further means of preventing dislodgment of the wires fromthe face member,y the eyes 15 act as abutments against the prongs of therivets. It will thus be seen that the ends of the U-shaped intermediateMarcel wave defining members are permanently riveted to the front facemember and prevented from being withdrawn from such face member byreason of ysuch rivets being engaged by the eyes 15.

A binding member 23 of iexible collapsible material such as silk braidor tape fabric extends from the rear central portion of the neck memberto the rear central portion .of the upermost U-shaped member 13. Theupper end of the binder is looped at 241; around the rear portion of theuppermost U-shaped wire member and a clip 25 relied on to lpermanentlyclose the loop. The lower end of the binder 23 is connected at 26 to therear central portion of the neck fnember 11 by being sewed thereto sincethe neck Tfhe intermediate being of flexible wire, I prefer to connectthe binder 23 to the rear central portion of these U-shaped members bymeans of button rivets.27 having prongs 28 and 29 as shown in -\Fig. 6toeXtend around the wire 13 on opposite sides thereof so that the bindermay serve to hold the rear portions of the U- shaped members 13 inspaced-apart relation when the bonnet-like structure is in place o'n ahead of hair. v

Ribbons 30 and 31 may be riveted at 12, 12

to the lower ends of the face member 10 so that a bowknot 32 may be usedunder the chin y for holding the bonnet-like structure in place. All ofthe members of the bonnet-like structure are permanently connectedtogether and the U-shaped wire members will have sufficient resiliencyand liexibility to t a head of hair and press the same against the head'along the dividing line between the Marcel waves desired. It will thusbe seen that the single bonnet-like structure has the various membersthereof permanently connected together so that when in use the frontface member is adapted to fit across the upper portion of the foreheadand extend down p in direct lines along the sides of the face of theperson using the device. The neck memi ber, the face member and thesecuring ribbons being all of fabric will be comfortable when engagingthe skin of the wearer.

Furthermore, the face member 10, the neck be collapsed into a small fiatspace as illustrated in Fig. 2. When the 'bonnet-like structureis inoperative position as shown in. Fig. 1,'a pencil 33 or other pointedinstrument may be used to form the undulations of the hair between theMarcel wave' defining members 13.

f To Marcel the hair by the use of the structure shown in Fig. 1, thehair may be dampened or `moistened, after which the marcelling device isplaced on the head and tied thereto by means of the bowknot 32. Afterthis has been done the pointed instrument 33 may be inserted beneath'the hair between the adjacent intermediate frame members 13. After thisinstrument has been sufficiently inserted it may be raised while ininserted position to project portions of the hair away from the headabove the frame members 13. This may be repeated for raising the hairinto Waves between the various wires 13 which act as dividing linesbetween the waves. By having the wires 13 uniformly spaced from one sideof the head around to the other side, uniform undulations may beproduced. After these undulations have been formed by means of thepointed instrument 33, the bonnet-like 'structure is permitted to remainon the head until the hair is thoroughly dry, after Which-such structuremay be removed to leave the` undulations properly defined.

In the form shown in Fig. 7 the intermediate U-shaped Marcel definingmembers/13 are arranged for a pompadour head of hair,`

and for this purpose the wires are allapproXimately semi-circular andtheir ends riveted by means of button rivets 18 to the front face member10. The lowermost U- shaped wires may be spaced closer together `in Fig.7 the U-shaped members 13 are approximately semi-circular. Therefore itis desirable inthe form shown in Fig. 7 to provide two spaced-apartbinding members as shown at 23, 23 in Figs. 7 and 8. The upper ends ofthe binders 23 are provided with loops 24 which are secured by means ofthe clips 25 in closed formation and the lower ends are sewed at 26, 26tothe neck member 11. The binders 23 are of braid or tape fabric and areriveted by means of button rivets 27 to the wire members 13 as shown inFigs. 7 and 8.

In the form shown in Fig. 1 and also in the form shown in Figs. 7 and 8,each of the U-shaped members 13 and 13 is composed of a separate lengthof wire, but in the form shown in Fi 9 a single wire 35 forms all of theU-sha-pe Marcel wave defining members.

One end 36 is imbedded between the layers of fabric of the front facemember 10 at the upper central portion of the latter as shown inFig. 9.The other'end 37 is likewise imbedded between the layers of the frontface member near one end of the latter. The ends of the U-shaped membersmay be looped as illustrated at 38 so as to be adjacent'the forward edgeof the face member 10. Button rivets may be a plied as illustrated at39, 40, 41 and 42 so t at the right angle portions or those portionsparallel to the front edge prevent detachment of any U-shaped memberfrom the front face member. The riveting by means of the button rivets18 as illustrated at the right-hand portion of Fig. 9 is the same asthat shown and described in connection with Figs. 1 and 5. The rivetingof the binders 23 at 27 to the U-shaped wires shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9is the same as that illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6.

The resiliency of the wire -members may vary with the material of whichthey are composed and when the bonnet-like structure fits the head of aperson as desired the U-shaped Marcel wave defining members will havethe necessary pressure to hold the hair in place. -However, it ispreferred not to have the wire of spring metal but of sufficiently softmaterial that the user may bend the wires to secure a closer t of thestructure against the hair on the head. When the wires are composed ofrelatively soft material such as soft iron, copper, brass or alloy so asto permit the wearer to bend the wires into proper shape withoutdestroying their resiliency, the ribbons 30, 31 may be used to assistsuch resiliency in holding the bonnet-like structure in place againstthe hair on the head. The use of soft iron lessens the cost ofconstruction and by waterproofing the wires by' covering the same withrubber or other waterof the face member will act as abutments to'connected to said front upright member, intermediate relatively stiffhorseshoe-shaped members connected at spaced-apart points to said frontupright member, a binding member connected to all of the aforesaidintermediate members and to the neck member to aid in spacing saidintermediate members apart when the structure isfitted to the head `of aperson, said binding member being of nected to the neck member and tothe rear ends of said intermediate members.

' 3. A collapsible hair waving structure comprising a fabric frontmember, water-proofed relatively stiff metal members of U-shapedconstruction having their free ends attached to the fabric front member,a horizontal fabric neck member of U-shaped configuration having itsfree ends attachedvto said front member, a flexible rea-r memberconnecting the various stiff members and the neck member, and means forfastening the structure in place on the head of a person.

In' testimony whereof I have signed my name to' this specification onthis 28th day of June, A. D. 1930. v f

- JOHN J. RYAN.

cause the surfaces of the waterproong ma- I terial on the wires issmooth and can be easily cleaned.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in thedetails and arran ements of parts without departing from t e spirit andscope of the invention as defined by the claims hereto appended and I'wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction hereindisclosed.

Having thus fully disclosed an embodiment of my invention, what I desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A collapsible hair waving structure comprising an uprighthorseshoe-shaped front frame member of flexible collapsible material,

35 a horizontal horseshoe-shaped neck member

